diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeDisconnectUseCase.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeDisconnectUseCase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20f5f30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeDisconnectUseCase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { protocol } from "@repo/shared";
+import { GameManager } from "@server/domains/game/GameManager";
+
+type EmitToAll = (event: string, payload?: unknown) => void;
+
+type ExecuteDisconnectUseCaseParams = {
+  gameManager: GameManager;
+  playerId: string;
+  emitToAll: EmitToAll;
+};
+
+export const executeDisconnectUseCase = ({
+  gameManager,
+  playerId,
+  emitToAll,
+}: ExecuteDisconnectUseCaseParams) => {
+  gameManager.removePlayer(playerId);
+  emitToAll(protocol.SocketEvents.REMOVE_PLAYER, playerId);
+  console.log("[GameHandler] player removed", { playerId });
+};
diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeMovePlayerUseCase.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeMovePlayerUseCase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb957a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executeMovePlayerUseCase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { GameManager } from "@server/domains/game/GameManager";
+import type { playerTypes } from "@repo/shared";
+
+type ExecuteMovePlayerUseCaseParams = {
+  gameManager: GameManager;
+  playerId: string;
+  move: playerTypes.MovePayload;
+};
+
+export const executeMovePlayerUseCase = ({
+  gameManager,
+  playerId,
+  move,
+}: ExecuteMovePlayerUseCaseParams) => {
+  gameManager.movePlayer(playerId, move.x, move.y);
+};
diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executePingUseCase.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executePingUseCase.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59b1e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/application/useCases/executePingUseCase.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { protocol } from "@repo/shared";
+
+type EmitToSocket = (event: string, payload?: unknown) => void;
+
+type ExecutePingUseCaseParams = {
+  clientTime: number;
+  emitToSocket: EmitToSocket;
+};
+
+export const executePingUseCase = ({
+  clientTime,
+  emitToSocket,
+}: ExecutePingUseCaseParams) => {
+  emitToSocket(protocol.SocketEvents.PONG, {
+    clientTime,
+    serverTime: Date.now(),
+  });
+};
diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onDisconnect.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onDisconnect.ts
index 4cc4b5f..94ee5f0 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onDisconnect.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onDisconnect.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
 import { Server } from "socket.io";
 import { GameManager } from "@server/domains/game/GameManager";
-import { protocol } from "@repo/shared";
+import { executeDisconnectUseCase } from "@server/domains/game/application/useCases/executeDisconnectUseCase";
 
 export const onDisconnect = (
   io: Server,
   gameManager: GameManager,
   playerId: string
 ) => {
-  gameManager.removePlayer(playerId);
-  io.emit(protocol.SocketEvents.REMOVE_PLAYER, playerId);
-  console.log("[GameHandler] player removed", { playerId });
+  executeDisconnectUseCase({
+    gameManager,
+    playerId,
+    emitToAll: (event, payload) => {
+      if (payload === undefined) {
+        io.emit(event);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      io.emit(event, payload);
+    },
+  });
 };
diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onMove.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onMove.ts
index 7288ce3..2b5ceb5 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onMove.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onMove.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 import { GameManager } from "@server/domains/game/GameManager";
 import type { playerTypes } from "@repo/shared";
+import { executeMovePlayerUseCase } from "@server/domains/game/application/useCases/executeMovePlayerUseCase";
 
 export const onMove = (
   gameManager: GameManager,
   playerId: string,
   data: playerTypes.MovePayload
 ) => {
-  gameManager.movePlayer(playerId, data.x, data.y);
+  executeMovePlayerUseCase({
+    gameManager,
+    playerId,
+    move: data,
+  });
 };
diff --git a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onPing.ts b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onPing.ts
index 2045d39..a4ddf1c 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onPing.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/domains/game/handlers/onPing.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
 import { Socket } from "socket.io";
-import { protocol } from "@repo/shared";
+import { executePingUseCase } from "@server/domains/game/application/useCases/executePingUseCase";
 
 export const onPing = (socket: Socket, clientTime: number) => {
-  socket.emit(protocol.SocketEvents.PONG, { clientTime, serverTime: Date.now() });
+  executePingUseCase({
+    clientTime,
+    emitToSocket: (event, payload) => {
+      if (payload === undefined) {
+        socket.emit(event);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      socket.emit(event, payload);
+    },
+  });
 };